Izicelo zePCB eziguquguqukayo: Ngaba zikho iingqalelo ezithile zoyilo lweRF?

Kwesi sithuba sebhlog, siza kuphonononga ezi ngqwalasela kwaye sinike ulwazi malunga nokuyila ii-PCB eziguquguqukayo eziqinileyo zosetyenziso lweRF.

Iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo ezingqongqo (PCBs) ziya zithandwa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa unxibelelwano olungenazingcingo. Ezi PCB ezizodwa zidibanisa ukuguquguquka kunye nobulukhuni, zibenza zilungele izixhobo ezifuna zombini uzinzo lomatshini kunye nesidingo sokugoba okanye ukubunjwa kuyilo olwahlukileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuziwa kwi-RF (i-radio frequency) izicelo, imiba ethile yoyilo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle.

1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto: Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kulwakhiwo lwePCB oluguquguqukayo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwayo kweRF.Kwizicelo zeRF, kubalulekile ukukhetha izixhobo ezinedielectric ephantsi engaguqukiyo kunye nelahleko yexabiso le-tangent. Ezi mpawu zinceda ukunciphisa ilahleko yomqondiso kunye nokugqwetheka, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kweRF iyonke. Ukongezelela, ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo ze-substrate kunye nobukhulu kubalulekile ukugcina ulawulo lwe-impedance kunye nokunyaniseka komqondiso.

2. Landela umkhondo kunye nolawulo lokuthintela: Ukulandela umkhondo okufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lothintelo lubalulekile kwizicelo zeRF.Iimpawu zeRF zinovakalelo oluphezulu kwi-impedance mismatch kunye nokubonakaliswa, okunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni umqondiso kunye nelahleko. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela ezilawulwayo zokulandela umkhondo we-impedance kunye nokugcina ububanzi obufanayo bomkhondo kunye nesithuba. Oku kunceda ukugcina i-impedance engaguqukiyo kuyo yonke indlela yesignali, ukunciphisa ilahleko yesignali kunye nokubonakalisa.

3. Ukumhlaba kunye nokukhusela: Ukubeka phantsi komhlaba kunye nokukhusela kubalulekile kuyilo lweRF ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kunye nemiba ye-crosstalk.Ubuchule obufanelekileyo bokumisa, obufana nokusebenzisa inqwelo-moya ephantsi ezinikeleyo, inceda ekunciphiseni ingxolo kwaye inike indawo ezinzileyo yereferensi yemiqondiso yeRF. Ukongeza, ukubandakanya iindlela zokukhusela ezifana nokugquma ubhedu kunye neetoti ezikhuselayo kunokuphucula ngakumbi ukwahlulwa kwemiqondiso yeRF kwimithombo yophazamiseko yangaphandle.

4. Ukubekwa kwecandelo: Ukubekwa kwecandelo elicwangcisiweyo kubalulekile kwizicelo zeRF ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuthotywa komqondiso okubangelwa kukulahleka kwesakhono kunye ne-inductance.Ukubeka amacandelo aphezulu-frequency ngokusondeleyo omnye komnye kwaye kude nemithombo yengxolo inceda ukunciphisa imiphumo ye-parasitic capacitance kunye ne-inductance. Ukongeza, ukugcina imikhondo yeRF imfutshane kangangoko kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-vias kunokunciphisa ukulahleka komqondiso kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungcono kweRF.

5. Iingqwalasela ze-Thermal: Usetyenziso lwe-RF luhlala luvelisa ubushushu ngenxa yokusetyenzwa komqondiso wesantya esiphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.Ulawulo lobushushu lubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kweesekethe zeRF. Abaqulunqi kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokupholisa kunye nezokungenisa umoya ukuze bakhuphe ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo kwaye bathintele nayiphi na imiba enokuthi ichaphazele ubushushu obunokuthi buchaphazele ukusebenza kweRF.

6. Uvavanyo kunye noQinisekiso: Uvavanyo olungqongqo kunye neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa zibalulekile kuyilo lweRF ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwazo kuyahlangabezana nemigaqo efunekayo.Iindlela zovavanyo ezinje ngemilinganiselo yomhlalutyi womnatha, uvavanyo lwe-impedance, kunye nohlalutyo lwemfezeko yomqondiso lunokunceda ekuchongeni nayiphi na imiba enokubakho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kweRF yeePCB eziguquguqukayo.

Isishwankathelo,ukuyila i-PCB eguquguqukayo yezicelo ze-RF kufuna uqwalaselo ngononophelo lwemiba emininzi. Ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo, umzila wokulandela umkhondo, ulawulo lokuthintela, ukumisa umhlaba, ukukhusela, ukubekwa kwecandelo, uqwalaselo lobushushu kunye novavanyo zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka zijongwe ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusebenza kweRF ngokupheleleyo. Ngokulandela le ngqwalasela yoyilo, iinjineli zinokuqinisekisa ukudityaniswa okuyimpumelelo kokusebenza kwe-RF kwiiPCB eziguquguqukayo eziqinileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya izixhobo zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo.