Kule bhlog, siza kuphonononga izinto ezichaphazela iindleko zePCB eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo zokuphucula imveliso yebhodi yesekethe kunye nokwandisa iindleko zakho zokuvelisa ibhodi yesekethe.
Iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo (PCBs) ziyinxalenye yazo zonke izixhobo zombane esizisebenzisayo namhlanje. Nokuba zii-smartphones zethu, iilaptops, okanye izixhobo zasekhaya, iiPCB zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngoqhagamshelo kunye nokwenza amandla ezi zixhobo. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zokwenziwa kwePCB zinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.
Ubunzima boyilo:
Enye yezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela iindleko zePCB kuyilo oluntsonkothileyo. Uyilo oluntsonkothileyo, kokukhona ixabiso lokwenziwa liphezulu. Uyilo oluntsonkothileyo luhlala lufuna ukujikeleza okuphambili kunye nokuntsonkothileyo, efuna ubuchule obukhethekileyo bokwenza kunye nexesha elongezelelweyo. Ke ngoko, ukuntsokotha koyilo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe xa kuqikelelwa ixabiso lePCB.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto:
Enye into ephambili echaphazela iindleko zePCB kukukhethwa kwezinto. Ii-PCB eziqinileyo ziqhele ukwakhiwa kusetyenziswa iFR-4, into esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwazi ukumelana nedangatye eneempawu ezintle zobushushu nezombane. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukungafani kumgangatho kunye nobukhulu be-FR-4, enokuchaphazela ixabiso elipheleleyo le-PCB. IiPCB eziguquguqukayo, kwelinye icala, zisebenzisa izinto eziguquguqukayo ze-substrate ezifana ne-polyimide. Ezi zixhobo zibiza kakhulu kune-FR-4, okukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu kwii-PCB eziguquguqukayo.
Ubungakanani bebhodi kunye nenani leeleya:
Ubungakanani kunye nenani leeleya zePCB nazo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni iindleko zayo. Iibhodi ezinkulu okanye iibhodi ezineengqimba ezininzi zifuna izinto ezininzi kunye nexesha lokuvelisa, okubangelwa iindleko ezongeziweyo. Ukongeza, ukwenza iibhodi ezinkulu kunokufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo, okuchaphazela ngakumbi iindleko zizonke. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa ubungakanani kunye neemfuno zomaleko kunye nokusebenza okufunekayo ukunyusa iindleko.
Uxinaniso lwamalungu:
Ukuxinana kwamacandelo kwi-PCB kuchaphazela ngqo iindleko zayo zokwenziwa. Ukuxinana kwecandelo eliphezulu kuthetha ukuba iikhomponenti ezininzi zipakishwe kwiindawo ezincinci, okukhokelela kumzila onzima ngakumbi kunye neetrayisi ezincinci. Ukufikelela kuxinaniso lwecandelo eliphezulu kudla ngokufuna iindlela eziphucukileyo zokuvelisa ezifana nokugrumba i-microvia kunye nokupakishwa kwe-vias, eyonyusa ixabiso lilonke le-PCB. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukubetha ibhalansi phakathi koxinano lwamacandelo kunye neendleko zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphandle kokunciphisa kakhulu ixabiso.
Inani lemingxuma:
Imingxunya yokwemba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa kwePCB njengoko iququzelela uqhagamshelo lwamaleya ahlukeneyo kunye necandelo lokunyuka nge-vias. Inani kunye nobukhulu bemingxuma egrunjiweyo ichaphazela kakhulu iindleko zokuvelisa. Ukugrumba imingxuma emikhulu nencinci, ingaboni okanye ingcwatywe nge-vias, kunye ne-microvias zonke zikhokelela kwiindleko ezongezelelweyo ngenxa yexesha elongezelelweyo kunye nobunzima obufunwa yinkqubo yokomba. Ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko, inani kunye nohlobo lwemingxuma yokubhoboza kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngononophelo.
Unyango lomphezulu:
Ukulungiswa komphezulu linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-PCB ukukhusela imikhondo yobhedu kwi-oxidation kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthengiswa. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango olukhoyo olukhoyo njenge-HASL (i-Hot Air Solder Leveling), i-ENIG (i-Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) kunye ne-OSP (i-Organic Solderability Preservative). Indlela nganye yokulungisa umphezulu ineendleko ezihambelanayo ezahlukeneyo, ngokuyintloko igqitywe zizinto eziphathekayo kunye neemfuno zabasebenzi. Xa ukhetha ukugqiba komphezulu ofanelekileyo kwiPCB yakho, kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukusebenza okufunekayo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Ubungakanani bomyalelo:
Ubungakanani bomyalelo wePCB buchaphazela iindleko zizonke. Izixa zokuodola ezinkulu zihlala zikhokelela kuqoqosho lwesikali, apho iindleko zokwenziwa kweyunithi zincitshiswa. Oku kungenxa yokuba abavelisi banokuphucula iinkqubo zabo zokuvelisa, ukunciphisa iindleko zokuseta kunye nokulungelelanisa imisebenzi yee-odolo ezininzi. Kwelinye icala, iiodolo ezincinci zinokufaka iindleko ezongezelelekileyo zokuseta kunye nemveliso, nto leyo ezenza zibiza kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukubeka iiodolo ezinkulu kunceda ukunciphisa ixabiso leyunithi yeePCB.
Ukhetho lomthengisi:
Ukukhetha umthengisi we-PCB kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ababoneleli abohlukeneyo banokuba neemodeli ezahlukeneyo zamaxabiso ngokusekwe kubuchwephesha babo, izixhobo, kunye nobuchule bokwenza. Kubalulekile ukuphanda kunye nokuvavanya ababoneleli abanokubakho, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto ezifana nodumo lwabo, iziqinisekiso, iinkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuphononongwa kwabathengi. Ukusebenza nabanikezeli abathembekileyo nabanamava kunceda ukufikelela kwibhalansi efanelekileyo phakathi kweendleko kunye nomgangatho.
Isishwankathelo
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela iindleko zeePCB eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo.Ubunzima boyilo, ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ubungakanani bebhodi, ukuxinana kwecandelo, inani lemingxuma yokugrumba, ukugqiba umphezulu, ubungakanani beodolo kunye nokukhethwa kwababoneleli zonke zinefuthe kwixabiso lilonke. Ngokuqwalasela ngononophelo ezi zinto kunye nokubetha ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokusebenza kunye noqoqosho, abavelisi bezinto zombane banokwandisa iindleko zePCB ngelixa beqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokusebenza kweemveliso zabo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-11-2023
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