PCB ilegend (silkscreen) icaciswe ngokucacileyo

Isikrini sesilika, esikwabizwa ngokuba yintsomi yemaski ye-solder, sisicatshulwa okanye iisimboli eziprintwe kwi-PCB kusetyenziswa i-inki ekhethekileyo ukuchonga izinto, abafowunelwa, iilogo zebhrendi kunye nokuququzelela indibano ezenzekelayo. Isebenza njengemephu ukukhokela abemi be-PCB kunye nokulungiswa kweempazamo, lo umaleko uphezulu udlala indima ebalulekileyo ngokumangalisayo ethatha indawo yokusebenza, uphawu, izithethe zolawulo kunye nobuhle.

ImiSebenzi ePhambili.

Kwiibhodi zesekethe ezishinyeneyo ezihlala amakhulu eenxalenye zemizuzu, ilivo inceda ukwenza ingqiqo yodibaniso olusisiseko oluxhasa izixhobo.

1. Ukuchongwa kweCandelo

Amanani enxalenye, amaxabiso (10K, 0.1uF) kunye nokuphawulwa kwepolarity (-+) abhalwe ecaleni kwecandelo leepadi ezinceda ukuqondwa okukhawulezileyo okubonakalayo ngexesha lokudibanisa ngesandla, ukuhlolwa kunye nokulungiswa kweempazamo.

2. Ulwazi lweBhodi

Iinkcukacha ezifana nenombolo yePCB, uguqulelo, umenzi, umsebenzi webhodi (isandisi-lizwi esivakalayo, unikezelo lwamandla) zisoloko zijongiwe isilika yokulandela umkhondo kunye nokusevisa iibhodi ezibekwe.

3. IiPinouts zokuqhagamshela

I-Pin numbering elamlwa yintsomi incedisa ukufakela iziqhagamshelo zentambo kujongano nojongano lwe-onboard (USB, HDMI).

4. Uluhlu lweBhodi

Imigca yokusikwa ye-Edge echwethezwe ngokubonakalayo ibonisa imilinganiselo, ukuqhelaniswa kunye neebhodi ezincedisa ukufakwa kweephaneli kunye nokususwa kweepaneli.

5. Iziphawuli zeAids Aids Fiducials ecaleni kwemingxunya yezixhobo zisebenza njengeendawo zereferensi eziziro koomatshini abazenzekelayo bokukhetha kunye nokubeka iikhomponenti ngokuchanekileyo.

6. Izalathisi eziThermal Umbala otshintshayo ubushushu bobushushu iintsomi ezinovakalelo zinokubonisa iflegi yemiba yobushushu obugqithisileyo kwiibhodi ezibalekayo.

7. Iimpawu zeempawu zeempawu, imigca yethegi kunye neempawu zegraphic zinceda ekuchongeni ii-OEM zesixhobo ezisebenza ekwandiseni ukuqondwa kophawu. Iintsomi zobugcisa zongeza ubutyebi bobuhle.

Ngokwenziwa kweminiaturization kwenza ukuba kusebenze ngakumbi nge-intshi nganye yesikwere, imikhondo yesikrini sesilika sikhokela abasebenzisi kunye neenjineli kumjikelo wobomi wePCB.

Ulwakhiwo kunye neZibonelelo

I-silkscreen iquka i-epoxy-based inki eprintwe phezu kwe-solder mask layer evumela isiseko se-PCB eluhlaza ukuba sinikeze umahluko ngaphantsi. Ukuhambisa isisombululo esibukhali kwidatha ye-gerber eguqulelwe kwi-CAD, ushicilelo olukhethekileyo lwesikrini, i-inkjet okanye ubuchule be-photolithography imprint legends.

Iipropathi ezifana nokuxhathisa iikhemikhali/i-abrasion, ukuzinza kombala, ukuncamathela kunye nokuguquguquka kumisela ukufaneleka kwezinto:

I-Epoxy -Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwiindleko, ukuhambelana kwenkqubo

I-Silicone -Imelana nobushushu obuphezulu

Polyurethane- Flexible, UV ukumelana

I-Epoxy-Polyester-Dibanisa amandla epoxy kunye nepolyester

Umhlophe ngumbala wentsomi oqhelekileyo nomnyama, oblowu, obomvu kunye notyheli nawo uyathandwa. Oomatshini bokuchola-ubeke abaneekhamera ezijonge ezantsi kodwa bakhetha iimaski ezimhlophe okanye ezimthubi ngaphantsi ukwenzela umahluko owaneleyo wokuchonga iindawo.

Itekhnoloji yePCB ekwinqanaba eliphezulu ngakumbi ixhasa izakhono zamandulo:

Ii-Inks eziNgena-Iinki ezifakwe kwi-substrate zihambisa iimpawu ezixhathisayo ekunxityweni komphezulu / ukukrazuka

I-inki ephakanyisiweyo- Yakha intsomi ebambekayo ehlala ixesha elide ilungele iilebhile kwiziqhagamshelo, iiswitshi njl njl.

Iintsomi ezikhazimlayo- Iqulethe umgubo okhanyayo ohlawuliswa ngokukhanya ukuze ubengezele ekubonakaleni koncedo olumnyama

Iintsomi ezifihlakeleyo- I-Ink ibonakala kuphela phantsi kokukhanya kwe-UV igcina imfihlo

I-Peel-off-Iintsomi ezibuyiselwa umva ngokwamaleko amaninzi zityhila ulwazi njengoko lufuneka kumaleko wesincamathelisi ngasinye

Ukukhonza ngaphaya kwamanqaku asisiseko, ii-inki zelegend eziguquguqukayo zixhobisa ukusebenza okongeziweyo.

Ukubaluleka kweMveliso

I-silkscreen ye-PCB yenza lula ukuqhutywa kweebhodi ezizihambelayo. Khetha kwaye ubeke oomatshini baxhomekeke kulwandlalo lwamacandelo kunye neefiducials kwintsomi ye:

Iibhodi zokubeka phakathi

Ukuchonga inxalenye yamanani/amaxabiso ngokuqaphela unobumba obonakalayo

Ukuqinisekisa ubukho / ukungabikho kwamalungu

Ukujonga ulungelelwaniso lwepolarity

Ukuchaneka kokubekwa kwengxelo

Oku kukhawulezisa ukulayisha okungenaziphene kwiinxalenye ezincinci zetshiphu ezincinci njenge-0201 (0.6mm x 0.3mm) ubukhulu!

I-post-population, i-automated optical inspection (AOI) iikhamera ziphinda zibhekiselele kwi-legend ukuqinisekisa:

Lungisa icandelo/ixabiso

Ukuqhelaniswa ngokufanelekileyo

Iinkcukacha ezihambelanayo (i-5% ye-resistor tolerance njl.njl)

Umgangatho wokugqiba kwebhodi ngokuchasene nefiducials

Iibhakhowudi zematriki ezifundeka ngomatshini kunye neekhowudi zeQR ezimiliselwe kwintsomi zikwanceda ukulungelelanisa iibhodi ezizidibanisa nedatha yovavanyo efanelekileyo.

Kude nendawo engaphezulu, imikhondo yesikrini sesilika iqhuba ukuzenzela, ukulandeleka kunye nomgangatho kuyo yonke imveliso.

Imigangatho yePCB

Imimiselo yoshishino ilawula izinto ezithile ezinyanzelekileyo zesikrini sesilika ukuze kube lula ukusebenzisana kunye nokugcinwa kwentsimi kumbane.

IPC-7351 - IiMfuno zeGeneric kuYilo lweNtaba yoMphezulu kunye noMgangatho wePateni yoMhlaba

I-ID yecandelo elinyanzelekileyo kunye nomyili wereferensi (R8,C3), uhlobo (RES,CAP) kunye nexabiso (10K, 2u2).

Igama lebhodi, ulwazi lwebhloko yesihloko

Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ezifana nomhlaba

IPC-6012 – Ukufaneleka kunye nokuSebenza kweeBhodi eziShicileleyo ezingqongqo

Uhlobo lwezinto (FR4)

Ikhowudi yomhla (YYYY-MM-DD)

Iinkcukacha zephaneli

Ilizwe/imvelaphi yenkampani

Ikhowudi yebhakhowudi/2D ikhowudi

I-ANSI Y32.16 - Iimpawu zeMizobo yeMizobo yoMbane kunye ne-Electronics

Iimpawu zombane

Iimpawu zomhlaba ezikhuselayo

Iilogo zesilumkiso sombane

Izichongi ezibonakalayo ezisemgangathweni zikhawulezisa ukulungisa iingxaki kunye nokuphucula endle.

Iimpawu zonyawo oluqhelekileyo

Ukusebenzisa kwakhona iziphawuli zesikrini sesilika eziqinisekisiweyo kumalungu rhoqo kugcina ukungaguquguquki kulo lonke uyilo lwePCB oluncedisayo.

| Icandelo | Uphawu | Inkcazelo | |————|——————| | Isichasi |

| Ulwandlalo oluluxande lubonisa uhlobo lwemathiriyeli, ixabiso, ukunyamezela kunye nomlinganiselo wamanzi | | I-Capacitor |

| Uyilo lwesemicircular radial/istack enexabiso leCapacitance | | Diode |

| Umgca wotolo ubonisa indlela yokuhamba okuqhelekileyo kwangoku | | I-LED |

| Idibanisa imilo yephakheji ye-LED; ibonisa cathode / anode | | Ikristale |

| I-Stylized hexagonal/parallelogram ikristale yequartz enezikhonkwane zomhlaba | | Isidibanisi |

| iSilhouette yosapho yecandelo (USB,HDMI) enezikhonkwane ezinenombolo| | Uvavanyo |

| Iiphedi zokuphonononga ezisetyhula zokuqinisekisa kunye noxilongo | | Iphepha |

| Isiphawuli soMda somphezulu isixhobo sokunyuka esingathathi hlangothi | | Inyaniso |

| Ubhaliso lwe-crosshair luxhasa ulungelelwaniso lwamehlo oluzenzekelayo |

Ngokusekwe kumxholo, abamakishi abafanelekileyo bancedisa ukuqondwa.

Ukubaluleka koMgangatho weSilkscreen

Ngokuxinana kweePCBs, ukuphinda kuveliswe iinkcukacha ezintle ngokuthembekileyo kubangela imingeni. Ushicilelo lwentsomi olusebenza kakhulu kufuneka lunike:

1. IiMpawu zokuchaneka zilungelelaniswe ngokuchanekileyo neepadi zokumisa ezifanelekileyo, imiphetho njl.njl ukugcina i-1:1 ihambelana neempawu ezisisiseko.

2. I-Legibility Crisp, amanqaku anomahluko aphezulu afundeka lula; Umbhalo omncinci ≥1.0mm ubude, Imigca emihle ≥0.15mm ububanzi.

3. Ukuqina Ukubambelela ngokungenasiphako kwizinto ezisisiseko ezahlukeneyo; imelana noxinzelelo lwenkqubo / yokusebenza.

4. Imilinganiselo yoBhaliso ihambelana ne-CAD yoqobo ivumela ukubekwa elubala kokuhlolwa okuzenzekelayo.

Intsomi engafezekanga eneempawu ezifipheleyo, ulungelelwaniso olugobileyo okanye ukudityaniswa okungonelanga kukhokelela kwiimpazamo zemveliso okanye ukusilela kwibala. Yiyo loo nto umgangatho we-silkscreen ungaguqukiyo ugxininisa ukuthembeka kwe-PCB.

Nokuba izichongi ezincinci zibambe ukubaluleka okukhulu ukukhokela ukusebenza kwenkqubo okunenjongo.

Iindlela ezisakhulayo

Uphuculo olubalulekileyo kushicilelo oluchanekileyo lwandisa izakhono zesikrini sesilika:

I-inki eNgenelweyo: Ingcwatywe ngononophelo phakathi kweeleya, iintsomi ezizinzisiweyo ziyakuphepha ukunxiba umbhodamo ofunekayo kwi-aerospace, ukukhusela kunye ne-elektroniki yemoto.

Iintsomi ezifihlakeleyo: Iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo ze-ultraviolet florescent zibonakala kuphela phantsi kwesibane esikhanyayo se-UV sinceda ukufihla ulwazi olunelungelo elikhethekileyo lokungena njengamagama ayimfihlo kwiinkqubo ezikhuselekileyo.

I-Peel Layers: Inkxaso yezitikha ezinomaleko ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baveze iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo ngokufunwayo.

I-inki ephakanyisiweyo: Yenza uphawu olubambekayo oluluqilima olulungele amaqhosha okulebhile, ii-toggles kunye namazibuko ojongano kwizicelo ezigxile ebantwini.

Ukuchukumisa umzobo: Imibala eqaqambileyo kunye nemizobo yesiko iboleka ubutyebi bobuhle ngelixa ugcina ukusebenza.

Ukusebenzisa inkqubela phambili enjalo, isikrini sesilika sanamhlanje sixhobisa ii-PCBs ukuba zazise, ​​zikhusele, zincede, kwaye nokonwabisa abasebenzisi ngelixa zigcina isazisi esingundoqo.

Imizekelo

Iinguqulelo zamabali zibonakala kuzo zonke iindawo:

I-SpaceTech-I-Mars's Perseverance rover ye-NASA ngo-2021 iphethe ii-PCBs ezinamabali aqinileyo axhonywe kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinzima.

I-AutoTech-Umthengisi we-auto waseJamani uBosch ngo-2019 watyhila ii-PCB ezihlakaniphile ezinezincamathelisi ezityhila idatha yoxilongo kuphela kubathengisi abagunyazisiweyo.

I-MedTech-I-Abbott's FreeStyle Libre ihlola iswekile eqhubekayo ezemidlalo iphakamise amaqhosha achukumisayo evumela igalelo elilula ngombono wabaguli abanesifo seswekile.

I-5G Telecom-I-chipset yeHuawei ye-Kirin 9000 ephathwayo ineentsomi ezinemibala emininzi eqaqambisa imimandla efana neprosesa yesicelo, imodem ye-5G kunye nengqiqo ye-AI.

Umdlalo-uthotho lwekhadi lemizobo leGeForce RTX likaNvidia libonisa ukuvavanywa kwesilika yesilivere yeprimiyamu kunye neelogo zetsimbi ezihambisa isibongozo soMthandi.

I-IoT yokunxiba-I-Fitbit Charge band ehlakaniphile ipakisha ii-PCB ze-sensor ezininzi ezinophawu lwamacandelo axineneyo ngaphakathi kweprofayile encinci.

Ewe, isikrini sesilika esisebenzayo ngokulinganayo ekhaya kwizixhobo zabathengi okanye iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ziyaqhubeka nokugcina amava omsebenzisi kuyo yonke indawo.

Ukuzivelela kweZakhono

Ityhalwa ziimfuno zeshishini ezingenakuthintelwa, ukuvela kwentsomi kuyaqhubeka kutyhila amathuba amatsha.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Q1. Ngaba uyakwazi ukwenza i-silkscreen kumacala omabini e-PCB?

Ewe, ngokuqhelekileyo icala eliphezulu lesilika liphethe iimpawu eziphambili (kumalungu anabantu) ngelixa icala elisezantsi libandakanya amanqaku abhaliweyo afanelekileyo kwimveliso efana nemida yephaneli okanye imiyalelo yendlela. Oku kuthintela ukudityaniswa kwemboniselo ephezulu.

Q2. Ngaba umaleko wemaski ye-solder uyayikhusela intsomi yesikrini sesilika?

Imaski ye-solder efakwe phezu kobhedu olungenanto phambi kokuba isikrini sesilika sinikeze ukuxhathisa kweekhemikhali kunye noomatshini ukukhusela i-inki yentsomi ebuthathaka engaphantsi ekusetyenzweni kwezinyibilikisi kunye noxinzelelo lwendibano. Yiyo loo nto zombini zisebenza ngokubambisana kunye neengoma zokukhusela imaski kunye nentsomi ekhokela abantu.

Q3. Buthini ubukhulu bescreen sesilika?

Ifilimu ye-inki ye-silkscreen enyangisiweyo ikholisa ukulinganisa phakathi kwe-3-8 mils (75 - 200 microns). Iingubo ezityebileyo ezingaphezulu kwe-10 mils zinokuchaphazela indawo yokuhlala ngelixa i-thinner inneral coverage isilela ukukhusela ilivo. Ukwandisa ubukhulu buqinisekisa ukomelela okwaneleyo.

Q4. Ngaba uyakwazi ukwenza ipaneli kumaleko wesikrini sesilika?

Ngokwenene iimpawu zepaneli ezifana nolwandlalo lwebhodi, iithebhu eziqhekekileyo okanye imingxunya yezixhobo zinceda ekulungiseleleni ii-PCB ezicwangcisiweyo zokusetyenzwa kwebhetshi/ukuphatha. Iinkcukacha zeqela ziphawulwe ngcono kwiscreen sesilika esihlala phezulu sivumela ukubonwa okungcono kunomaleko wangaphakathi.

Q5. Ngaba izikrini zesilika eziluhlaza ziyakhethwa?

Ngelixa nawuphi na umbala obonakala ngokulula usebenza, imigca yokuhlanganisana ngobuninzi ikhetha iintsomi ezimhlophe okanye eziluhlaza ngaphezu kweebhodi ezixakekileyo okanye ezinemibala emnyama encedisa ukuqondwa kweekhamera ezijonge ezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvela kweekhamera ezintsha kuyoyisa imida, kuvula iinketho zokwenza imibala.

Ukuziqhelanisa nokwanda kwemveliso kunye nobunzima bokusebenza, i-silkscreen ye-PCB engazithembiyo iphakama ukuya kumnyhadala wokuzisa ubuhle ngobulula! Ixhobisa abasebenzisi kunye neenjineli ngokufanayo kuyo yonke imveliso kunye nomjikelo wobomi bemveliso ukuqhubela phambili ukumila okunokwenzeka kombane. Inene, abo bathandabuzayo bathi cwaka, izifanisi ezincinci ezishicilelweyo ezisasazeke kwiibhodi zithetha kakhulu zivumela i-cacophony yemimangaliso yetekhnoloji yanamhlanje!