I-Mastering Controlled Imedance Design yeebhodi zePCB

Yazisa:

Kwixesha lanamhlanje letekhnoloji ekhawulezayo, uyilo lwePCB ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nemfezeko yomqondiso. Inkalo ebalulekileyo yoyilo lwe-PCB lulawulo lwe-impedance, olubhekiselele kwisakhono sokugcina ukuchasana okuchanekileyo kwisekethe.Kule bhlog, siphonononga amathuba oyilo lwe-impedance elawulwayo kwiibhodi zesekethe ze-PCB kunye nendlela uCapel, inkokeli yeshishini elithembekileyo elineminyaka eyi-15 yamava, iphakamisa ubuchwephesha bayo obuqinileyo ukufezekisa iziphumo eziphezulu.

Funda malunga noyilo olulawulwayo lwe-impedance:

Uyilo lwe-impedance olulawulwayo lubalulekile kwizicelo ezikhawulezayo njengoko ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kwezixhobo zombane. I-Impedance kukuxhathisa isiphaluka esibonelela ngokuhamba kwe-alternating current (AC). Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufaniseni iimpawu zesignali phakathi kwamacandelo, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha okusebenzayo.

Ukubaluleka koyilo lwe-impedance olulawulwayo:

Kwiibhodi zesekethe ze-PCB, ukugcinwa kwe-impedance elawulwayo kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukuthotywa komqondiso ngenxa yokungahambelani kwe-impedance. Xa i-impedance ingalawulwa ngokuchanekileyo, ukubonakaliswa kunye nokuphazamiseka komqondiso kunokwenzeka, kubangele urhwaphilizo lwedatha kwaye ekugqibeleni kuchaphazele ukusebenza kwayo yonke inkqubo ye-elektroniki.

Ukunyaniseka komqondiso kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezikhawulezayo ezifana namaziko edatha, unxibelelwano kunye nee-elektroniki zabathengi. Ukungaphumeleli ukuphumeza i-impedance elawulwayo kunokubangela ukuba kuncitshiswe amaxabiso edatha, ukwanda kweempazamo, kunye nemiba ye-EMI, echaphazela ukuthembeka kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.

Ubuchwephesha bolawulo lwe-impedance yeCapel:

Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-15 yamava kwishishini lebhodi yesekethe, uCapel uye waba liqabane elithembekileyo kwiimfuno zoyilo lwePCB ezinzima. Ubungcali obuluqilima benkampani kunye nokuzinikela ekunikezeni umgangatho obalaseleyo kubenze baba ziingcali kuyilo olulawulwayo lwe-impedance.

Ulwazi olubanzi lweCapel lwemigangatho yoshishino efana ne-IPC-2221, IPC-2141 kunye ne-IPC-2251 ivumela ukuba bayile iibhodi zeesekethe ze-PCB ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kulawulo lwe-impedance. Bayabuqonda ubucukubhede bemigca yothumelo, imathiriyeli yedielectric, ububanzi bomzila, izithuba, kunye nezinye izinto ezichaphazela i-impedance.

Indlela yoYilo ye-Impedans eLawulwayo yaseCapel:

Ukufezekisa uyilo lwe-impedance elawulwayo, iCapel isebenzisa izixhobo zesoftware ephucukileyo ukulinganisa, ukuhlalutya kunye nokwandisa uyilo lwePCB. Ngokusebenzisa i-software ye-3D EM yokulinganisa, izixhobo zokuhlalutya ingqibelelo yomqondiso kunye ne-impedance calculators, iCapel iqinisekisa ukuba iibhodi ze-PCB eziyiliweyo zibonisa iimpawu ezihambelanayo ze-impedance.

Iinjineli zezakhono zaseCapel zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula ngokufanelekileyo impedance. Bayila ngononophelo imigca yokuhambisa, bethathela ingqalelo ubude, ububanzi, kunye ne-dielectric constant yezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ukongeza, basebenzisa izibini ezihlukeneyo kunye ne-impedances ehambelanayo ukunciphisa i-crosstalk kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali echanekileyo.

Amanyathelo okulawula umgangatho ongqongqo weCapel abandakanya uvavanyo olunzulu lwe-impedance kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa. Basebenzisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo eziphezulu ze-TDR (Ixesha le-Domain Reflectometry) ukuqinisekisa amaxabiso okuthintela kunye nokugcina amanqanaba afunekayo okuthintela.

Izinto eziluncedo kuyilo lwe-impedance olulawulwa yiCapel:

Ngokubambisana neCapel kuyilo lwe-impedance olulawulwayo, abathengi bafumana izibonelelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:

1. Ukuphucula imfezeko yomqondiso:Ubuchwephesha beCapel buqinisekisa ukuthembeka kophawu kugcinwa, kuncitshiswa umngcipheko wokugqwethwa kweempawu kunye norhwaphilizo lwedatha.
2. Ukusebenza kakuhle:Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-impedance lunokunyusa amaxabiso edatha, ukunciphisa amazinga eempazamo, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwezixhobo zombane.
3. Ukuthembeka okuphuculweyo:Ngokuphelisa ukungalingani kwe-impedance kunye nokubonakaliswa komqondiso, uyilo lweCapel luphucula ukuthembeka kwemveliso kwaye lunciphisa ithuba lokungaphumeleli okanye ukungaphumeleli.
4. Ukunciphisa i-EMI:Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwe-impedance lunceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kunye nokuphucula ukuthotyelwa kwe-EMC (ukuhambelana kombane).
5. Ixesha elikhawulezayo lokuthengisa:Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zesoftware ephucukileyo kunye neenkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo zeCapel zikhawulezisa ixesha elifunekayo kuyilo lwePCB nokuveliswa, okukhokelela ekuqalisweni kwemveliso ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuququmbela:

Uyilo lwe-impedance olulawulwayo luyinkalo ebalulekileyo yeebhodi zesekethe ze-PCB zokuqinisekisa imfezeko yesignali efanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza. Ngeminyaka eyi-15 yamava kunye nobuchule obunamandla, uCapel uye waba liqabane elikhethiweyo loshishino ukuze azalise ngobuchwephesha iimfuno zoyilo lwe-impedance. Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zesoftware ephucukileyo kunye nengqalelo ecokisekileyo kwiinkcukacha, iCapel ihlala ihambisa iibhodi zePCB ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihlangabezana neyona nkcazelo inzima yolawulo lwe-impedance. Thembela uCapel ukuba asebenzise ubuchule bakhe ukukhokelela inkqubo yakho ye-elektroniki ukuba iphumelele ngoyilo oluphezulu lwe-impedance.