Iindlela zokulawula i-impedance kwii-PCB eziguquguqukayo

Kule post yebhlog, siza kungena kwihlabathi leePCB eziguquguqukayo kwaye siphonononge iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswayo ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olululo lwe-impedance.

Yazisa:

Ulawulo lwe-impedance yinkalo ebalulekileyo yokuyila kunye nokuvelisa iibhodi zesekethe eziguquguqukayo eziprintiweyo (Flex PCBs). Njengoko ezi bhodi zisiya zithandwa kakhulu kumashishini amaninzi, kuyafuneka ukuba siqonde iindlela ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwe-impedance ezikhoyo.

Yintoni iPCB ebhetyebhetye?

I-PCB eguquguqukayo, eyaziwa ngokuba yisekethe eprintiweyo eguqukayo okanye isixhobo sombane esiguqukayo, ibhekisa kwisekethe ye-elektroniki ebhityileyo, elula kwaye ebhetyebhetye kakhulu. Ngokungafaniyo nee-PCB eziqinileyo, ezenziwe kusetyenziswa izinto eziqinileyo ezifana ne-fiberglass, ii-PCB eziguquguqukayo zenziwa kusetyenziswa izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana ne-polyimide. Oku bhetyebhetye kubavumela ukuba bagobe, bajike kunye ne-contour ukuze balingane nayiphi na imilo okanye ifom.

Kutheni ulawulo lwe-impedance lubalulekile kwiiPCB eziguquguqukayo?

Ulawulo lwe-Impedans lubalulekile kwii-PCB eziguquguqukayo njengoko iqinisekisa ingqibelelo yesignali, inciphisa ilahleko yesignali, kwaye iphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi. Njengoko imfuno yezicelo ze-high-frequency ezifana nee-smartphones, iitafile, izinto ezinxitywayo, kunye ne-automotive electronics iqhubeka nokukhula, ukugcina ulawulo lwe-impedance kubaluleke ngakumbi.

Indlela yokulawula i-impedance ye-PCB ebhetyebhetye:

1. Ijiyometri yesekethe:
Ijiyometri yesekethe idlala indima ebalulekileyo kulawulo lwe-impedance. I-impedance inokulungiswa kakuhle ngokulungelelanisa ububanzi bokulandelela, isithuba kunye nobunzima bobhedu. Izibalo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokulinganisa kunceda ukufezekisa ixabiso elifunekayo le-impedance.

2. Izinto ezilawulwayo zedielectric:
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-dielectric kuchaphazela kakhulu ulawulo lwe-impedance. Isantya esiphezulu se-PCBs esiguquguqukayo sihlala sisebenzisa izinto eziphantsi kwe-dielectric-contant ukunciphisa isantya sokusasaza umqondiso ukufezekisa i-impedance elawulwayo.

3. Ulungelelwaniso lweMicrostrip kunye nestripline:
Uqwalaselo lweMicrostrip kunye nestripline lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulawulo lwe-impedance yeePCB eziguqukayo. I-Microstrip ibhekisa kuqwalaselo apho iitrayiti zokuqhuba zibekwe kumphezulu wesixhobo se-dielectric, ngelixa i-stripline ibandakanya i-sandwiching traces conductive phakathi kweeleya ezimbini ze-dielectric. Zombini ulungelelwaniso lubonelela ngeempawu zothintelo oluqikelelwayo.

4. I-capacitor elungisiweyo:
Ii-capacitors ezifakiweyo zikwasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngexabiso eliphezulu lokuxhobisa ngelixa ulawula i-impedance. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezifakwe kwi-capacitive ezifana neefilimu kunceda ukugcina ukufana kwe-impedance kuyo yonke i-PCB eguquguqukayo.

5. Ukudibanisa okwahlukileyo:
Ukubonakaliswa okungafaniyo ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswe kunxibelelwano olukhawulezayo kwaye kufuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-impedance. Ngokudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo umkhondo wokwahlula kunye nokugcina isithuba esingaguqukiyo, i-impedance inokulawulwa ngokuqinileyo, ukunciphisa ukubonakalisa umqondiso kunye ne-crosstalk.

6. Indlela yovavanyo:
Ulawulo lwe-impedance lufuna uvavanyo olungqongqo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yoyilo. Itekhnoloji enje nge-TDR (Ixesha le-Domain Reflectometry) kunye nabavavanyi be-impedance basetyenziselwa ukulinganisa kunye nokuqinisekisa amaxabiso okuthintela kwiifrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo.

ukuququmbela:

Ulawulo lwe-impedance yinkalo ebalulekileyo yokuyila ii-PCB eziguquguqukayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo ze-elektroniki zanamhlanje. Iinjineli zinokufikelela kulawulo olululo lwe-impedance ngokusebenzisa ijometri yesekethe efanelekileyo, izinto ezilawulwayo zedielectric, ulungelelwaniso oluthile olunje nge-microstrip kunye ne-stripline, kunye nobuchule obunje nge-capacitance edibeneyo kunye nokwahlula ukubhanqa. Ukuvavanya ngokucokisekileyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka kwe-impedance kunye nokusebenza. Ngokuqonda ezi ndlela zokulawula i-impedance, abayili kunye nabavelisi banokubonelela ngee-PCBs ezithembekileyo neziphezulu eziguquguqukayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo.