Ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo (PCB) prototyping ene-memory interfaces enesantya esiphezulu inokuba ngumsebenzi onzima. Abaqulunqi bahlala bejongana nobunzima bokuqinisekisa imfezeko yomqondiso, ukunciphisa ingxolo, kunye nokuphumeza ukusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo, kuyenzeka ukuba boyise le mingeni kunye nempumelelo ye-PCB yeprototype yojongano lwememori enesantya esiphezulu.
Kule bhlog yebhlog, siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo ze-PCB prototyping kusetyenziswa ujongano lwememori enesantya esiphezulu. Siza kuxubusha imfezeko yomqondiso, ukunciphisa ingxolo, kunye nokubaluleka kokukhetha amacandelo afanelekileyo. Ke, masingene kwihlabathi leprototyping yojongano lwenkumbulo enesantya esiphezulu!
Funda malunga nomqondiso wemfezeko
Ingqibelelo yomqondiso idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyilo lwenkumbulo yesantya esiphezulu. Ibhekisa kumgangatho wemiqondiso yombane edlula imikhondo yePCB kunye nezihlanganisi. Ukuqinisekisa imfezeko yophawu olufanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezinje ngokuthelekisa i-impedance, ubuchule bokuphelisa, kunye nokulawulwa kokulawulwa kwe-impedance.
Ukulinganisa i-impedance kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukubonakalisa iimpawu ezinokubangela ukonakala kwedatha kunye nemiba yexesha. Kubandakanya ukuyila umgca wothumelo kunye ne-impedance yempawu ehambelana nomthombo kunye nokuphazamiseka komthwalo. Izixhobo zeSoftware ezinje ngoMyili weAltium kunye neCadence Allegro zinokunceda ukubala kunye nokuhlalutya amaxabiso okuthintela imikhondo ebalulekileyo.
Itekhnoloji yokuphelisa isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa ukubonakaliswa komqondiso kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa komqondiso ococekileyo. Iindlela zokuphelisa ezidumileyo ziquka ukupheliswa kothotho, ukupheliswa okufanayo, kunye nokuphelisa ngokwahlukileyo. Ukhetho lobuchule bokuphelisa luxhomekeke kujongano oluthile lwenkumbulo kunye nomgangatho wophawu olufunekayo.
Indlela elawulwayo ye-impedance ibandakanya ukugcina umkhondo wobubanzi obungaguqukiyo, izithuba, kunye nokupakishwa komaleko ukufezekisa ixabiso elithile lokuthintela. Oku kubalulekile kujongano lwememori enesantya esiphezulu njengoko inceda ukunciphisa ukuthotywa komqondiso kunye nokugcina imfezeko yomqondiso.
Nciphisa ingxolo
Ingxolo lutshaba lwenkumbulo yesantya esiphezulu. Ingonakalisa idatha, ingenise iimpazamo, kwaye ithobe ukusebenza kwenkqubo iyonke. Ukunciphisa ingxolo, iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokumisa, ii-capacitors zokuqhawula, kunye nohlalutyo lwentembeko yokunikezelwa kwamandla kubalulekile.
Ubuchule bomhlaba bubandakanya ukudala inqwelomoya eqinileyo kunye nokunciphisa indawo ye-loop yomhlaba. Inqwelomoya eqinileyo yomhlaba inceda ukuthintela ingxolo ebangelwa ngamacandelo akufutshane kwaye inciphisa i-crosstalk. Iindawo ezijikeleze umhlaba kufuneka zincitshiswe ngokudala uqhagamshelo lomhlaba onenqaku elinye kuwo onke amacandelo.
I-Decoupling capacitors isetyenziselwa ukufunxa ingxolo ye-high-frequency kunye nokuzinzisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla. Ukubeka i-decoupling capacitors kufuphi ne-high-speed memory chips kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zibalulekile ekuboneleleni amandla acocekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo.
Uhlalutyo lwentembeko yamandla lunceda ukuchonga imiba enokubakho yokuhanjiswa kwamandla. Izixhobo ezifana ne-SIwave, i-PowerSI, kunye ne-HyperLynx zibonelela ngezakhono zokulinganisa ukuhlalutya inethiwekhi yokubonelela ngombane kunye nokuchonga iindawo ezifuna ukuguqulwa kokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukukhetha icandelo
Ukukhetha amacandelo afanelekileyo kwi-high-speed memory interface prototyping kubalulekile. Amacandelo ahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zombane kunye nexesha zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ethembekileyo nechanekileyo. Iingqwalasela eziphambili xa ukhetha amacandelo ziquka:
1. I-Memory Chip:Chonga iitshiphusi zememori ezilungiselelwe ujongano olukwisantya esiphezulu kwaye zinike umthamo ofunekayo kunye nokusebenza. Iinketho ezidumileyo ziquka i-DDR4, i-DDR5, i-LPDDR4 kunye ne-LPDDR5.
2. Iziqhagamshelo:Sebenzisa izihlanganisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezikwaziyo ukuphatha imiqondiso enesantya esiphezulu ngaphandle kokubangela ukuthotywa komqondiso. Qinisekisa ukuba izihlanganisi zinelahleko ephantsi yokufaka, i-crosstalk ephantsi kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-EMI.
3. Isixhobo sewotshi:Khetha isixhobo sewotshi esinokunika isignali yewotshi ezinzileyo nechanekileyo. Iijenereyitha zewotshi ezisekwe kwi-PLL okanye i-crystal oscillators zihlala zisetyenziselwa ujongano lwememori enesantya esiphezulu.
4. Amalungu okwenziwa:Khetha izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezifana nezixhasi, ii-capacitors, kunye nee-inductors ezihlangabezana neemfuno ze-impedance, i-capacitance, kunye ne-inductance values.
Izixhobo zePrototyping kunye nobuChwephesha
Ngoku sele sixoxe ngengqwalasela ebalulekileyo yokuyila ujongano lwememori enesantya esiphezulu, lixesha lokuphonononga izixhobo zokuchwetheza kunye neendlela ezifumanekayo kubayili bePCB. Ezinye izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nobuchule ziquka:
1. Isoftware yoyilo lwePCB:Sebenzisa isoftware yoyilo yePCB ekumgangatho ophezulu onjengoMyili weAltium, uCadence Allegro, okanye uKhozi ukwenza iiplani zePCB. Ezi zixhobo zesoftware zibonelela ngemithetho yoyilo olukhawulezayo, i-impedance calculators, kunye nesakhono sokulinganisa ukuqinisekisa ingqibelelo yesiginali.
2. Izixhobo zovavanyo olukwisantya esiphezulu:Sebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo olukwisantya esiphezulu ezifana ne-oscilloscopes, ii-logic analyzers, kunye ne-signer generators ukuqinisekisa kunye nokucoca uyilo lojongano lwenkumbulo. Ezi zixhobo zinceda ukubamba kunye nokuhlalutya izibonakaliso, ukulinganisa ingqibelelo yesignali, kunye nokuchonga iingxaki.
3. IiNkonzo zokuVeliswa kwePCB:Iqabane kunye neenkonzo ezithembekileyo zokwenziwa kwePCB ezisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kunye noxinaniso oluphezulu lwemveliso yePCB. Aba bavelisi baqinisekisa ukuchaneka, ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho kwimveliso yeprototype.
4. Ukulinganisa imfezeko yoMqondiso:Sebenzisa izixhobo ezinje ngeHyperLynx, i-SIwave, okanye iCadence Sigrity ukwenza isifaniso semfezeko yomqondiso ukuqinisekisa uyilo, ukuchonga imiba enokubakho yemfezeko yesiginali, kunye nokwandisa umzila ukuze unciphise ukuthotywa komqondiso.
Ngokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo kunye nobuchule, unokunyusa kakhulu izinga lempumelelo yeenzame zakho zokujonga inkumbulo yesantya esiphezulu. Khumbula ukuphindaphinda, ukuvavanya, kunye nokwandisa uyilo lwakho ukuze usebenze kakuhle.
Ukuququmbela
Ukuyila kunye neprototyping ye-PCB ene-interface yememori yesantya esiphezulu kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqonda imigaqo yemfezeko yomqondiso, ukunciphisa ingxolo, ukukhetha amacandelo afanelekileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zeprototyping kunye nobuchule, unokuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa okuyimpumelelo.
Uqwalaselo olunjengokulinganisa i-impedance, ubuchule bokuphelisa, ukulawulwa kwendlela yokuthintela, ukubekwa komhlaba okufanelekileyo, i-capacitors yokuqhawula, kunye nohlalutyo lokuthembeka kombane zibalulekile ekufezekiseni imfezeko yomqondiso kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo. Ukukhethwa kwecandelo ngononophelo kunye nentsebenziswano kunye nomvelisi we-PCB othembekileyo kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ujongano lwememori yokusebenza ephezulu.
Ke, thatha ixesha lokucwangcisa, ukuyila, kunye nokubonisa i-PCB yakho yesantya esiphezulu senkumbulo, kwaye uya kuba kwindawo efanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeenkqubo zombane zanamhlanje. Uyilo oluvuyisayo!
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-28-2023
Emva
