Iqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo kwii-PCB ezinomgangatho we-12 zophawu olubuthathaka, usetyenziso lwamandla ombane aphezulu.

Iibhodi zesekethe zingumqolo waso nasiphi na isixhobo sombane, esixhasa ukuhamba kweempawu kunye namandla. Nangona kunjalo,xa kuziwa kuyilo oluntsonkothileyo olufana neebhodi ze-12-layer ezisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa komqondiso obuthathaka kunye nezicelo ze-voltage ephezulu, ukuzinza kombane kunye nemiba yengxolo inokuba yingxaki. Kule posi yebhlog, siza kuphonononga izisombululo ezisebenzayo zokusombulula le miba kwaye siqinisekise ukusebenza kakuhle.

Uzinzo lonikezelo lwamandla lubalulekile kwiisekethe zombane, njengoko ukuguquguquka okanye ukuphazamiseka kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye umonakalo osisigxina.Ngokunjalo, ingxolo inokuphazamisana nokuhanjiswa komqondiso, ibangele iimpazamo kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo. Ngokulandela ezi zikhokelo, unokuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka xa usebenzisa iibhodi zeesekethe ze-12 kwizicelo ezibucayi.

1. Cwangcisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ngocoselelo:Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okufanelekileyo kubalulekile ekusombululeni uzinzo kunye nemiba yengxolo. Qala ngokuhlalutya ngokucokisekileyo iimfuno zamandla esekethe kunye nokuphuhlisa isicwangciso esicingayo sokusabalalisa. Chonga imimandla yamandla ebalulekileyo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba baneenqwelomoya ezinikezelweyo zamandla okanye ukusasazwa kothungelwano lwamandla. Oku kukwahlula kunceda ukuthintela ingxolo esuka kwindawo enye ephazamisana nenye, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa amathuba okonakala komqondiso.

2. Lungiselela i-decoupling capacitors:I-Decoupling capacitors idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzinziseni ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo. Ezi capacitors zigcina amandla ombane kwaye ziwakhulule ngexesha leemfuno zangoku ngequbuliso, ziqinisekisa amanqanaba ombane azinzile. Ukwandisa i-decoupling, ngobuchule beka ii-capacitors kufutshane namandla kunye nezikhonkwane zomhlaba zamalungu abuthathaka. Umxube wexabiso eliphantsi kunye nexabiso eliphezulu le-capacitors kwinethiwekhi ecwangcisiweyo ngokucokisekileyo inika ukudibanisa okusebenzayo kuluhlu olubanzi.

3. Ukubekwa kwecandelo ngononophelo:Ukubekwa kwecandelo ngumba obalulekileyo wokunciphisa ingxolo. Qala ngokubeka amacandelo aphezulu-frequency, ezifana oscillators kunye generator clock, ngokusondeleyo kunikezelo lwamandla kangangoko kunokwenzeka. La malungu achaphazeleka ngakumbi kwingxolo, kwaye ukuwabeka kufutshane nonikezelo lwamandla kunciphisa ithuba lokudibanisa ingxolo. Ngokunjalo, gcina izinto ezinovakalelo kude kumalungu anengxolo, izalathisi zamandla aphezulu, okanye eminye imithombo enokubakho yophazamiseko.

4. Iingqwalasela zomaleko zokupakisha:Ubume obufanelekileyo bokupakishwa komaleko lubalulekile ekunciphiseni ingxolo nemiba yogqithiso lwamandla. Cinga ukongeza amandla azinikeleyo kunye neenqwelomoya zomhlaba phakathi kweengqimba zomqondiso ukuphucula imfezeko yomqondiso kunye nokunciphisa i-crosstalk. Ukongeza, ukwahlula imikhondo yevoltage ephezulu ukusuka kwizalathisi ezibuthathaka ngokuzibeka kumaleko ahlukeneyo kunceda ukuthintela ukudityaniswa kwengxolo. Xa umisela olona lungelelwaniso lwestakhi, kuluncedo ukusebenza nomyili onamava wePCB.

5. Uyilo olulawulwayo lwe-impedance:Ukungahambelani kwe-impedance kunokwazisa ukubonakaliswa komqondiso kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza. Kuthungelwano lomqondiso olubuthathaka, ukulawula i-impedance kuba yinto ebalulekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba iitrayitsha zesignali zinobubanzi obuchanekileyo, isithuba, kunye nobukhulu bobhedu ukufezekisa i-impedance efunekayo. Ngokugcina i-impedance elawulwayo kuyo yonke isiphaluka, unokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka komqondiso kunye nokuphucula ingqibelelo yedatha.

6. Ukhuselo olusebenzayo lwe-EMI/EMC:Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Electromagnetic (EMI) kunye nokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC) kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwesekethe. Sebenzisa izivalo zokuqhuba ukukhusela amacandelo anovakalelo okanye usebenzise iinkonkxa ezikhuselwe yintsimbi ukunciphisa iziphumo ze-EMI. Ukongeza, sebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokumisa umhlaba ezifana nokumisa inkwenkwezi okanye ukusebenzisa inqwelomoya ephantsi ukuze unciphise ngakumbi imiba yengxolo.

7. Uvavanyo olubanzi kunye nohlalutyo:Emva kokuba ibhodi yesekethe yenziwe, uvavanyo olubanzi lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezinje ngee-oscilloscopes, abahlalutyi be-spectrum, kunye nesoftware yengqibelelo yomqondiso ukuhlalutya umgangatho wophawu, uzinzo lwamandla, kunye namanqanaba engxolo. Chonga nayiphi na imimandla yenkxalabo kwaye ulungelelanise uyilo lwakho ngokufanelekileyo. Ngovavanyo oluphindaphindiweyo kunye nohlalutyo, unokufezekisa uzinzo lwakho olufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kwengxolo.

Ngokulandela ezi zikhokelo, unokujongana ngokufanelekileyo nozinzo lwamandla kunye nemiba yengxolo kwiibhodi zeesekethe ze-12-layer, ngokukodwa kwi-transmission signal ebucayi kunye nezicelo eziphezulu ze-voltage. Khumbula ukuba ukucwangcisa ngononophelo, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okufanelekileyo, ukudityaniswa okulungisiweyo, ukubekwa kwecandelo elinobuchule, kunye noqwalaselo lokupakisha ludlala indima ephambili ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kwesekethe. Ke ngoko, tyala ixesha kunye neenzame kwezi ndawo ukwenza uyilo oluqinileyo noluthembekileyo lwePCB.